Tenure: 114th–119th Congresses
Years of Service: 2015–Present
Rep. Buddy Carter, defeated in a competitive Republican primary for U.S. Senate, has assembled one of the more consequential animal protection records among House Republicans, particularly in the area of animal-testing reform. Although his voting record on several wildlife and agricultural issues has often aligned himself with the majority of the Republican lawmakers serving in the House, Carter has repeatedly demonstrated meaningful leadership on efforts to modernize biomedical research and reduce reliance on animal experimentation.
Carter is the original sponsor and principal House champion of FDA Modernization Act 3.0, landmark legislation designed to accelerate the adoption of scientifically advanced, human-relevant research methods and reduce reliance on animal testing. The legislation builds on earlier reforms by encouraging the Food and Drug Administration to incorporate new technologies, including organoids, computational modeling, and other nonanimal testing methods into the drug development process. Carter’s leadership on this issue has made him one of Congress’s most important advocates for replacing animal experimentation with modern scientific alternatives.
Rep. Carter was also one of the most important cosponsors and active voices for the enactment of the FDA Modernization Act 2.0 in the 117th Congress. That measure was signed into law by President Biden at the end of 2022, and it remains the single most important animal-testing related policies ever enacted.
Carter has also demonstrated a broader commitment to animal protection issues. He is a sponsor of the Animal Cruelty Enforcement (ACE) Act, legislation designed to strengthen federal authorities’ ability to investigate and prosecute serious acts of animal cruelty. In addition, he is a cosponsor of H.J. Res. 111, the Congressional Review Act resolution seeking to overturn the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Barred Owl Management Strategy. He also signed the bipartisan congressional letter urging the Department of the Interior to reconsider the federal barred owl kill plan.
On farm-animal welfare issues, Carter signed the Republican congressional letter opposing the EATS Act, aligning himself with efforts to preserve state authority to establish humane treatment standards for farm animals. His support for the anti-EATS effort distinguishes him from many members of his conference.
Carter has further supported efforts to reduce the use of animals in federally funded biomedical research. He signed the congressional letter supporting the redirection of federal resources away from non-human primate research centers and toward more ethical and scientifically advanced research methods.
At the same time, Carter’s voting record on several benchmark animal protection issues has been less favorable. He voted for H.R. 556, restricting federal agencies’ ability to regulate lead ammunition and lead fishing tackle on federal lands and waters. He voted for the Moore Amendment, which sought to create an exemption from the federal prohibition on commercial greyhound racing, and he voted for the Greene Amendment restricting federal support for cultivated meat and alternative protein technologies. Carter also supported the Farm, Food, and National Security Act, including provisions that would have preempted state farm-animal welfare laws such as California’s Proposition 12 and Massachusetts’ Question 3 – contradicting his signing of a letter opposing that provision. Many other Republicans opposing those provisions nevertheless voted for the broader Farm Bill package, due to lobbying from the Farm Bureau and other big agriculture interests.
Notably, Carter did not vote on H.R. 845, the Pet and Livestock Protection Act. That bill sought to wipe out federal protections for gray wolves across their range in the Upper Midwest and the West.
What distinguishes Carter from many members of his conference is the depth of his affirmative engagement. Few Republicans have assembled a portfolio that includes leadership on animal-testing reform, anti-cruelty legislation, opposition to EATS, and advocacy on behalf of barred owls. His role as a leader of both the FDA Modernization Act, FDAMA 2.0, and then FDAMA 3.0 represents one of the most significant contributions by any Republican to animal protection policy in recent Congresses.
Taken as a whole, Carter’s record places him in the Strong Leader category. His leadership on FDA Modernization Act 3.0, sponsorship of the ACE Act, opposition to EATS, advocacy on behalf of barred owls, and efforts to reduce primate testing demonstrate meaningful and sustained engagement on animal protection issues, even though his voting record contains several significant negatives.
Read our endorsement letter here.
Notable Actions
119th Congress
✅ Cosponsor of the Animal Cruelty Enforcement (ACE) Act, H.R. 1477, to establish a dedicated DOJ unit to investigate and prosecute animal cruelty crimes.
✅ Cosponsor of the FDA Modernization Act 3.0, H.R. 2821, to direct the FDA to update its regulations consistent with a law passed by Congress in 2022 that made animal testing optional in new drug development.
✅ Cosponsor of the Stop Billion-Dollar FWS Plan to Kill Half a Million Owls, H.J. Res. 111, a Congressional Review Act resolution to nullify the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service plan to kill approximately 450,000 barred owls to reduce competition with northern spotted owls.
✅ Signed the bipartisan congressional letter opposing the large-scale killing of barred owls.
✅ Signed a bipartisan congressional letter to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director, urging the agency to redirect federal funds currently allocated for non-human primate (NHP) research centers toward more ethical and cost-effective uses.
✅ Supported House passage of the FDA Modernization Act 3.0, H.R. 2821, which passed by voice vote under suspension of the rules on July 20, 2026. The bipartisan legislation directs the FDA to update its regulations to fully implement the 2022 law allowing scientifically valid non-animal methods to be used instead of animal testing in drug development.
❌ Voted “Aye” on H.R. 556, the Protecting Access for Hunters and Anglers Act (House Roll Call Vote 93), to prohibit federal land management agencies from restricting the use of toxic lead ammunition and fishing tackle on public lands and waters to protect wildlife from poisoning. The bill passed the House 215–202. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it limited the federal government’s ability to restrict toxic lead ammunition and fishing tackle that poison wildlife and contaminate the environment.
➖ Did Not Vote on H.R. 845, the Pet and Livestock Protection Act (House Roll Call Vote 360), to remove federal Endangered Species Act protections for gray wolves across much of the United States and restricted judicial review of future wolf management decisions. The bill passed the House 211–204. A “Nay” vote is the pro-animal position.
❌ Voted “Aye” on the Riley Moore Amendment (House Roll Call Vote 149), to weaken the Farm Bill’s Greyhound Protection Act provisions by creating a special exemption allowing commercial greyhound racing to continue in West Virginia indefinitely. The House rejected the amendment 187–237. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it sought to weaken greyhound protections by allowing commercial greyhound racing to continue indefinitely in West Virginia.
❌ Voted “Aye” on H.R. 7567, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act (House Roll Call Vote 154), to pass the Farm Bill, which included a provision to overturn state laws in California and Massachusetts restricting in-state sales of fresh pork sourced from farms that do not provide minimum space requirements for the housing of pregnant pigs. The bill passed the House 224–200. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it supported overturning state farm animal welfare laws that require more humane housing standards for pregnant pigs.
❌ Voted “Aye” on the Biggs Amendment to H.R. 3838 (House Roll Call Vote 259), to exempt defense-related activities from the requirements of the Endangered Species Act, eliminating protections for endangered and threatened species and their critical habitat on military lands and during defense operations. The House rejected the amendment 200–228. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it sought to weaken Endangered Species Act protections for threatened and endangered wildlife on military lands.
❌ Voted “Aye” on the Greene Amendment to H.R. 3838 (House Roll Call Vote 254), to prohibit the Department of Defense from using FY2026 funds for the research, development, procurement, or promotion of cell-cultured meat, an emerging alternative to conventional slaughter-based meat production. The House rejected the amendment 194–236, with 1 voting present. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it sought to block federal support for the development of slaughter-free, cell-cultured meat alternatives that could reduce the number of animals raised and killed for food.
118th Congress
✅ Cosponsor of the FDA Modernization Act 3.0, H.R. 7248, to direct the FDA to update its regulations consistent with a law passed by Congress in 2022 that made animal testing optional in new drug development.
✅ Cosponsor of Violet’s Law, H.R. 1465, to provide a second chance for dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, and nonhuman primates used in federally funded research by requiring facilities to pursue adoption or sanctuary placement whenever feasible.
❌ Voted “Aye” on H.R. 764 (House Roll Call Vote 169), legislation to remove federal protections for gray wolves under the Endangered Species Act across most of the United States and return management authority to the states. Wildlife advocates warned that the bill would undermine science-based wildlife management and threaten the long-term recovery of gray wolf populations. The House passed the bill 209–205. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it removed Endangered Species Act protections for gray wolves across much of the United States, despite concerns that doing so would undermine their long-term recovery and science-based wildlife management.
❌ Voted “Aye” on H.R. 615 (House Roll Call Vote 167), legislation to bar the Department of the Interior and the Department of Agriculture from prohibiting or regulating the use of toxic lead ammunition and fishing tackle on federal lands and waters made available for hunting or fishing. Lead ammunition and tackle poison wildlife, including eagles, loons, condors, and other animals that ingest spent lead fragments or lost fishing gear. The House passed the bill 214–201. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it blocked federal agencies from restricting toxic lead ammunition and fishing tackle that poison eagles, loons, condors, and other wildlife.
117th Congress
✅ Cosponsor of the FDA Modernization Act, H.R. 2565, bipartisan legislation to end the outdated federal presumption that new drugs must rely on animal testing before human clinical trials. The measure authorized the FDA to accept scientifically valid non-animal testing methods—including organ-on-a-chip technology, cell-based assays, and computer modeling—when appropriate. Core provisions of this legislation were later enacted as part of the FDA Modernization Act 2.0, signed into law in December 2022, marking a landmark reform that advanced more human-relevant research methods while reducing unnecessary animal testing.
✅ Cosponsor of the Shark Fin Sales Elimination Act, H.R. 2811, to end the U.S. commercial trade in shark fins by prohibiting their sale, purchase, and transport, helping reduce the global demand that drives the cruel practice of shark finning. Core provisions of the bill were later incorporated into the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023, which was signed into law in December 2022, making the United States one of the world’s largest nations to ban the domestic shark fin trade.
✅ Voted “Aye” on the motion to suspend the rules and pass the Prevent All Soring Tactics (PAST) Act, H.R. 5441 (House Roll Call Vote 478). The bill would strengthen enforcement of the Horse Protection Act and help end the cruel practice of “soring” Tennessee Walking Horses, Racking Horses, and Spotted Saddle Horses. Soring involves intentionally inflicting severe pain on horses’ legs and hooves through caustic chemicals, chains, pressure devices, or other abusive methods to force an exaggerated, high-stepping gait known as the “Big Lick.” The motion was agreed to by a vote of 304–111, exceeding the two-thirds majority required under the suspension of the rules procedure. An “Aye” vote is the pro-animal position.
✅ Voted “Aye” Big Cat Public Safety Act, H.R. 263 (House Roll Call Vote 415), to end the private possession and commercial breeding of lions, tigers, leopards, cheetahs, jaguars, cougars, and other big cats while prohibiting public contact with these animals. The legislation targeted the exploitative cub-petting industry and roadside zoos, where big cats are repeatedly bred, handled, and discarded, while strengthening protections for both animals and public safety. An “Aye” vote is the pro-animal position.
116th Congress
✅ Cosponsor of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety (HISA) Act, H.R. 1754, to improve the integrity and safety of horse racing in the United States by creating uniform national standards for anti-doping, medication control, and racetrack safety.
➖ Did Not Vote on the Big Cat Public Safety Act (House Roll Call Vote 232), legislation to prohibit private ownership and breeding of lions, tigers, and other big cats while restricting public contact with these dangerous wild animals. The bill was designed to curb the exploitation of big cats in roadside zoos and cub-petting operations, improve animal welfare, and enhance public safety by limiting private possession of these species. The House passed the bill 272–114. An “Aye” vote is the pro-animal position.
❌ Voted “Nay” on the Stevens Amendment (House Roll Call Vote 373) to the FY2020 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, allocating $2 million to create an Animal Cruelty section within the Department of Justice. A “Nay” vote is the anti-animal position because it opposed dedicating additional Department of Justice resources to investigate and prosecute animal cruelty and other federal animal welfare crimes.
❌ Voted “Nay” on the Buchanan Amendment (House Roll Call Vote 380) to the FY2020 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, prohibiting the Department of the Interior from issuing import permits for trophies of threatened elephant and lions from Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. A “Nay” vote is the anti-animal position because it opposed stronger protections for threatened elephants and lions by allowing the continued import of hunting trophies from those species.
115th Congress
❌ Voted “Aye” on H.J. Res. 69, a Congressional Review Act (House Roll Call Vote 98) resolution to overturn an Obama administration rule protecting wildlife on National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska. The rule prohibited controversial predator-control practices, including killing bear cubs and wolf pups in their dens, baiting bears with food to shoot them at close range, and targeting predators solely to increase populations of game animals for hunters. The resolution passed Congress and was signed into law, eliminating these federal wildlife protections. An “Aye” vote is the anti-animal position because it removed safeguards against some of the cruelest predator hunting practices on federal refuge lands.
✅ Voted “Aye” on the Roskam–Blumenauer Amendment (House Roll Call Vote 202), to H.R. 2, the Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018, to strengthen the federal animal fighting law by clarifying that its prohibitions apply throughout all U.S. territories. The amendment closed a legal loophole that had allowed organized dogfighting and cockfighting to continue in certain U.S. territories despite being illegal elsewhere in the United States. An “Aye” vote is the pro-animal position because it strengthened federal protections against organized animal fighting.